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The Pfizer / BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was developed by BioNTech (a German biotechnology company) in cooperation with Pfizer (an American pharmaceutical corporation).
It was the first COVID-19 vaccine to be approved by the UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. The decision was made with advice from the Commission on Human Medicines (CHM), the government’s independent expert scientific advisory body.
2 December 2020
How does the Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine work in the body when taken?
The jabs are known as a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. It uses synthetically produced genetic material called mRNA, which encodes the instructions to produce the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) spike protein (the part of the virus that allows it to enter human cells).
The injection inserts this mRNA into the body. This then enters cells, which read the genetic code and start producing the virus protein – thus triggering a response by the immune system and coaching it to fight a future infection.
The mRNA molecule is not injected directly into the body, but is wrapped in oily bubbles made of lipid nanoparticles, to prevent our natural enzymes from breaking it down.
The jab uses mRNA produced in the lab by a template DNA, and doesn’t use a virus, unlike conventional vaccines which are produced using weakened forms of the virus. This can make the rate at which it can be produced or modified dramatically accelerated.
What are the ingredients of the Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine?
This vaccine contains polyethylene glycol/macrogol (PEG) as part of ALC-0159.
Teised koostisosad on:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Kolesterool
Sahharoos
Naatriumkloriid
Potassium chloride
Disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate
1,2-Distearoüül-sn-glütsero-3-fosfokoliin
ALC-0159 = 2-[(polyethylene glycol)-2000]-N,N-ditetradecylacetamide
ALC-0315 = (4-hüdroksübutüül) asandediüül) bis (heksaan-6,1-diüül) bis (2-heksüüldekanoaat)
Ärge võtke vaktsiini, kui teil on kunagi olnud raske allergiline reaktsioon mõne toimeaine või mõne muu koostisosa suhtes.
How is the Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine administered?
The Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine is only being administered to people in a safe health care environment with facilities to treat allergic reactions if they do occur. Do not take the vaccine from anyone else. If offered by anyone, and you are in doubt, contact your GP.
This vaccine is given after dilution as an injection of 0.3 mL into a muscle of your upper arm.
You will receive 2 injections (of the same vaccine), given at least 21 days apart.
Protection against COVID-19 disease may not be maximally effective until at least 7 days after the second dose.
Iga vaktsiini süstimise ajal ja pärast seda jälgib teie arst, apteeker või meditsiiniõde teid umbes 15 minutit, et jälgida allergilise reaktsiooni nähte.
Are there any possible risks and/or side effects of the Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine?
Miski meditsiinis ei kaasne riskideta - isegi miski, mida me mõtlemata võtame, näiteks paratsetamool, võib ohtu kujutada.
Like all vaccines, the Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
Most side effects are mild or moderate and go away within a few days of appearing. If side effects such as pain and/or fever are troublesome, they can be treated by medicines for pain and fever such as paracetamol.
Kõrvaltoimete hulka võivad kuuluda:
Väga sage (võib mõjutada rohkem kui 1 inimest 10-st)
Peavalu
Muscle pain, joint pain, pain at the injection site
Väsimus
Palavik
Chills
Sage (võib mõjutada kuni 1 inimest 10-st)
Swelling at the injection site
Redness at the injection site
Iiveldus
Aeg-ajalt (võib mõjutada kuni 1 inimest 100-st)
Feeling unwell
Suurenenud lümfisõlmed
Rare (may affect up to 1 in 1000 people)
Temporary one-sided facial drooping (Bell’s palsy)
Frequency unknown
Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
Hoiatused ja ettevaatusabinõud
Enne selle vaktsiini manustamist pidage nõu oma arsti, apteekri või meditsiiniõega, kui:
Ever had a severe allergic reaction or breathing problems after any other vaccine injection or after you were the vaccine in the past.
A severe illness with high fever. However, a mild fever or upper airway infection, like a cold, are not reasons to delay vaccination.
A weakened immune system, such as due to HIV infection, or are on a medicine that affects your immune system.
A bleeding problem, bruise easily or use a medicine to inhibit blood clotting.
ÄRGE vaktsiini võtke, kui
you are allergic to the active substance or any of the other ingredients of this vaccine
Signs of an allergic reaction may include itchy skin rash, shortness of breath and swelling of the face or tongue. Contact your doctor or healthcare professional immediately or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away if you have an allergic reaction. It can be life-threatening.
Nagu iga vaktsiini puhul, ei pruugi see vaktsiin kõiki neid saada, kes seda saavad.
Praegu pole andmeid nõrgenenud immuunsusega isikute kohta või kes kasutavad immuunvastuseid pärssivat või takistavat kroonilist ravi.